Sensory Considerations
Sight
As we age, our eyes become more sensitive to glare due to age-related changes in the eye, such as reduced pupil size and cloudier lenses. Harsh, overly bright lights can cause discomfort, headaches, and even disorientation, which increases the risks of falls. Use soft, warm lighting when possible to create a comfortable and inviting environment.
Smell
Familiar scents can evoke strong emotional connections and pleasant memories, particularly for seniors with Alzheimer’s or dementia. However, harsh, artificial fragrances can be overwhelming and may cause headaches, nausea, or agitation. Use mild, natural scents and avoid aerosol sprays or overpowering artificial fragrances. Opt for essential oils or lightly scented products that provide a pleasant but gentle sensory experience.
Taste
Aging, medical conditions, and medications can affect taste, which can lead to reduced appetite and poor nutrition. Ensuring that food is both flavorful and nutritionally balanced encourages seniors to eat well and stay hydrated. Incorporate favorite dishes from seniors’ backgrounds and encourage group dining experiences to enjoy meals together.
Seniors may find it challenging to filter out background noise, making it difficult to focus on conversations. Also, people with Alzheimer’s or dementia may have trouble identifying or interpreting sounds correctly. For example, a doorbell may be perceived as a threatening noise, causing fear or anxiety. Design quiet, acoustically friendly spaces with sound-absorbing materials. Use soft, consistent sounds and avoid sudden loud noises.
Touch
Seniors may struggle with holding onto objects due to reduced strength or arthritis, increasing the risk of falls. Be cautious of overly slick floors and small area rugs that may cause slipping. Install non-slip mats and easy-to-grip handles on furniture, doors, and bathroom fixtures to prevent slips and falls.